What are the benefit fraud offences?
Benefit fraud is prosecuted under various pieces of legislation, and the relevant charges will depend on the nature of the offence. Our experienced benefit fraud solicitors can discuss your circumstances and the relevant evidence to help you anticipate whether charges will be brought and begin to prepare a defence. These charges may be brought under either the Fraud Act 2006, which covers any deliberate dishonesty used to obtain benefits, including providing false information or failing to report a change in circumstances. Alternatively, charges are also possible under the Social Security Administration Act 1992, which contains offences specific to social security benefits. Behaviours could include knowingly making false statements or failing to notify a change that affects entitlement.
The decision of whether to ultimately bring charges belongs to the investigating authority, which could include the Serious Fraud Office or the DWP. Benefit fraud offences can be prosecuted summarily in the Magistrates' Court or on indictment in the Crown Court, depending on the seriousness and the amount of money involved. Alternatively, investigators may decide that your actions are not necessarily fraud, but still warrant charges under a different piece of legislation.
It can help to understand some common examples of actions that would constitute benefit fraud.
- Claiming Jobseeker's Allowance or other benefits while working and not declaring income.
- Deliberately failing to report a partner living at the same address.
- Falsely claiming to be living alone to obtain single-person benefits.
- Not declaring savings or assets above the permitted threshold.
- Using a false identity to claim benefits, with documents such as a false birth certificate or passport.
- Making a means-tested benefit claim by forging documents or otherwise hiding your income.
Any of the above can be seen as committing benefit fraud, even if you engage in these behaviours by accident or without the intent to defraud. You should seek expert advice from a benefit fraud solicitor if you are alleged to have done any of the above, or if you are subject to a benefit fraud investigation.
What happens if you are investigated for benefit fraud?
An investigation into alleged benefit fraud could be carried out by the Department for Work and Pensions, local authorities, HM Revenue and Customs or some combination of these organisations. When investigating benefit fraud, they may carry out surveillance, examine financial records and conduct interviews under caution. If fraud is suspected, the case may lead to a criminal prosecution. If you are asked to attend a benefit fraud interview during an investigation, you should seek legal representation and have a solicitor attend the meeting with you to help you avoid self-incrimination.
What are the penalties for benefit fraud?
A conviction for benefit fraud can result in a criminal record, a fine, a community order or, in the most serious cases, imprisonment. There may also be administrative penalties, such as the need to pay back any overpaid benefits, and civil penalties, depending on the nature of the offence you are charged with and whether you plead guilty or are found guilty of benefit fraud. Defences and mitigating factors can both be raised in these cases, but a solicitor can help you to determine which approach is in your best interests.
The maximum penalties include up to 10 years imprisonment under the Fraud Act 2006, although this is reserved for serious cases like large-scale or repeated fraud. Other potential consequences include the loss of your benefits or restrictions on future claims, and damage to your reputation and employability in some positions - particularly those with financial responsibility.